Leçons De Sociologie Book by Durkheim Émile (Farsi)

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Lessons of Sociology: Physics of Morals and Law is a compelling collection of lectures by the influential French sociologist Émile Durkheim, compiled and published after his death by his students. In this work, Durkheim examines morality and law not as purely individual or subjective matters, but as social facts rooted in collective life. He introduces the idea of a “physics of morals,” proposing that ethical rules, norms, and legal systems can be studied scientifically, with the same objectivity used in the natural sciences. The book explores key sociological concepts such as mechanical and organic solidarity, the relationship between morality and law, and the role of institutions like education and religion in transmitting social values. Durkheim argues that individual identity and moral conscience are shaped through socialization, reinforcing sociology’s status as an independent and rigorous discipline.